Kant's theory is an example of a deontological (he study of the nature of duty and obligation) moral theory, according to these theories, the rightness or wrongness of actions does not depend on their consequences but on whether they fulfill our duty.
Kant believed that there was a supreme principle of morality, and he referred to it as The Categorical Imperative.
However moving on from Kantian contactualism 'there is a 'good out there' swirling about in the ether' and we should all adhere to it', there are those who fault liberalism for being mistakenly and
irreparably individualistic.
Starting with Michael Sandel's
(1982) famous criticism of Rawls, a number of critics charged that liberalism was necessarily premised on an abstract
conception of individual selves as pure choosers, whose commitments, values and
concerns are possessions of the self, but never constitute the self. Indeed, what constitutes the self?
Power relations, 'I am right you are wrong', prevent the
open, uncoerced articulation of beliefs
and values.
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