RATIONALISM VS. EMPIRICISM debate

 One dimension stems from the RATIONALISM VS. EMPIRICISM debate that reached a high point in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. Rationalism and empiricism are views of the nature of human knowledge. Broadly speaking, empiricists hold that all of our knowledge derives from our sensory, experiential, or empirical interaction with the world. Rationalists, by contrast, 

The different views of the sources of knowledge held by rationalists and empiricists have been accompanied by correspondingly different views of the mind, and it is not hard to see why. If one is an empiricist and so holds, roughly, that there is nothing in the mind that is not first in the senses, then there is a fairly literal sense in which ideas, found in the mind, are complexes that derive from impressions in the senses. This in turn suggests that the processes that constitute cognition are themselves elaborations of those that constitute perception, that is, that cognition and perception differ only in degree, not kind

Natavists believe  the theory that concepts, mental capacities, and mental structures are innate rather than acquired by learning.