Thinking that testimony is generally reliable will either be viciously circular or else involve an insurmountable regress.
For instance, in order to know that people generally speak the truth, I might need to rely on Bill’s testimony to confirm that what Alice said was true.
But in order to know that Bill can be trusted, I might need to rely on Carly to confirm that he usually says true things.
But to ensure that Carly typically speaks the truth, I will either need to rely on Alice or Bill to confirm this for me (hence the vicious circle), or else I will need to rely on on a fourth person like Donald (and hence the regress will continue).
Thus, because there is no good way to acquire the non-testimonially based reasons in question, Global Reductionism problematically entails that we are rarely (if ever) justified in accepting what people tell us
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