Plato (The Republic), Aristotle (The Politics), Machiavelli (The Prince and The Discourses) and Montesquieu (The Spirit of the Laws), have concerned themselves with political corruption in particular, albeit in somewhat general terms. For these philosophers corruption consisted in large part in rulers governing in the service of their own individual or collective—or other factional—self-interest, rather than for the common good , subtext look after your family, by any means.
Indeed, Machiavelli, in particular, famously or, perhaps, infamously argued in The Prince that the rulers might need to cultivate dispositions, such as ruthlessness, that are inconsistent with common morality. And Plato doubted that the majority of people were even capable of possessing the requisite moral and intellectual virtues required to play an important role in political institutions; watch Schumer categorically deny and rubbish the current Hunter biden
corruption allegations, (Frightening stuff)
collective entities, say the Obama administration do not have minds and are not per se moral agents. Accordingly, it is only human agents, Biden, who culpably perform actions that undermine legitimate institutional processes or purposes.involves abuse of public office.
Attention needs to be focused on the moral effects that some actions have on persons and institutions. An action is corrupt only if it corrupts something or someone—so corruption is not only a moral concept, but also a causal or quasi-causal concept. That is, an action is corrupt by virtue of having a corrupting effect on a person’s moral character or on an institutional process or purpose.
The evidence in this Biden matter is on video tape. and is irrefutable;
any jury this side of sanity would conclude that Biden is GUILTY.
wHAT IS terrifying about US politics is that there very few who are on this side of sanity.
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