Three faulty ways of thinking

 Analogical thinking: or analogical reasoning is a kind of reasoning that is based on finding a common relational system between two situations, exemplars, or domains. When such a common system can be found, then what is known about one situation can be used to infer new information about the other.

Heuristics is the process by which humans use mental short cuts to arrive at decisions. Heuristics are simple strategies that humans, animals, organizations and even machines use to quickly form judgments, make decisions, and find solutions to complex problems. Wikipedia

Heuristic thinking is the tendency, which is at times quite useful, of relying on highly efficient and generally reliable cognitive shortcuts when reaching a decision. In the research literature, these mental shortcuts are known as cognitive heuristics.

Folk psychology, or commonsense psychology, is a human capacity to explain and predict the behavior and mental state of other people. ... Eliminative materialism is the claim that folk psychology is false and should be discarded (or "eliminated").

What is a folk theory sociology?

folk society, an ideal type or concept of society that is completely cohesive—morally, religiously, politically, and socially—because of the small numbers and isolated state of the people, because of the relatively unmediated personal quality of social interaction, and because the entire world of experience is