The classical theory of particles collapsed under Bohm; they can only with reservations be called “substantives.” Bohm wrote the following to elucidate the Copenhagen position:

the properties of matter are incompletely defined and opposing potentialities that can be fully realized only in interactions with other systems.... 

Thus, at the quantum level of accuracy, an object does not have any “intrinsic” properties (for instance, wave or particle) belonging to itself alone; instead it shares its properties mutually and indivisibly with the systems with which it interacts.

[It] is more important that a proposition be interesting than that it be true. o Einstein,  was: “The truth of a theory is in your mind, not in your eyes.

Bohm had already written:

The existence of reciprocal relationships of things implies that each “thing” existing in nature makes some contribution to what the universe as a whole is, a contribution that cannot be reduced completely, perfectly and unconditionally, to the effects of any specific set or sets of other things with which it is in reciprocal interconnection. And, vice versa, this also means evidently that no given thing can have a complete autonomy in its mode of being, since its basic characteristics must depend on its relationship with other things. The notion of a thing is thus seen to be an abstraction, in which it is conceptually separated from its infinite background and substructure


Western thought has become substantialistic and egoistic. Beings are considered substances and their relations are accidents, and reality belongs to substances

Bear in mind that Science is an idiom of the subjunctive mode. It is an idiom of “if, then.

It is this metaphysical perspective that makes some aspects of quantum theory so interesting. When Heisenberg maintained that the reality of the particle comes into existence when we observe it, some realists thought that he had introduced the “ghost of the observer” into quantum mechanic